Good family function decrease internet addiction and increase academic performance in senior high school students

Background: A good The Internet gives excellent benefits for education. Uncontrolled internet use causes internet addiction may cause a poor outcome, such as academic failure. Family functions hypothetically correlate with internet addiction and academic performance in adolescents at school. The research aims to see the correlations among family function with internet addiction and academic performance in adolescents at senior high school.
Method: Participants consisted of 305 adolescents from public senior high school students aged 14-18 years old. This research is using an analytical, cross-sectional method. The family function was assessed by the Family Assessment Device-Indonesian version (FAD-Ina). Internet addiction was assessed with Internet addiction Test Indonesian version (IAT-Ina). The student’s academic performance was obtained from the school report card at that time.
Results: The result of this research shows that 76.4% of senior high school students have an internet addiction. The family function had a positive correlation and significant result with internet addiction (R=0.336, p <0.05). The family function had a negative correlation and significant result with academic performance (R=0.176, p <0.05). Internet addiction had a positive correlation and significant result with academic performance (R=0.128, p <0.05). Good family function in adolescents has four times decrease for internet addiction risk compared with bad family function (OR=4.290).
Conclusion: This research shows that there was a 76.4% prevalence of internet addiction in adolescents at senior high school. A good family function can decrease internet addiction and increase academic performance in the adolescent. Good family function decreased internet addiction risk four times.


Introduction
The Internet is used by most people to perform various activities of life. The discovery of the internet has many benefits that can change the world, becoming almost instantaneous, especially in the field of information, entertainment, communication, and transaction. But on the other hand, the internet also causes a lot of mental health problems, one of which is internet addiction.
Internet becomes more easily accessible from anywhere, with excessive and uncontrolled use causing pathological behavior called internet addiction. 1 The increase in internet users is likely to lead to an increase in cases of internet addiction throughout the world, especially in Indonesia.
Internet addiction is one of the adverse effects of internet development. Most population and internet users in the community are adolescents, so they are at high risk for internet addiction. This study aims to discover how family function creates adolescents with internet addiction, how it affects academic performance, and how a family function can result in high achieved adolescents in school.

Materials and Methods
This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design to determine the correlation between family function and internet addiction, the correlation between family function and academic performance, and the correlation between internet addiction and academic achievement in adolescents at a particular time.
Inclusion criteria include students in elected public high school who are willing to be included in the study by signing informed consent, living with both biological parents (nuclear family). Exclusion criteria include students in elected public high school who have physical illnesses of the brain (such as epilepsy) and mental disorders, do not fill out the questionnaire completely.
Before the study was conducted, validation of measurement tools was tested first: internet addiction using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and family functioning using the Family Assessment Device (FAD), which had been translated and modified into Indonesian. Internet addiction measuring instrument IAT became IAT-Ina, and family function measurement tool FAD became FAD-Ina after validation.
After the family function, internet addiction, and academic performance questionnaire has been adequate based on the number of samples that had been defined. The data were tabulated and analyzed by Windows 10 computer using SPSS 20.

Results
The study was conducted on selected samples by random cluster sampling in 3 high schools in Denpasar. Total samples were 321 students, of which seven samples didn't fill out the questionnaire completely, and six samples did not live with both parents, so only 308 samples were left based on inclusion criteria in this study.
Of 130 men (43%) and 175 women (57%), the age ranged from 14 to 18 years old with an average age of 15.9 years. Based on the study major, there were more Natural Sciences students with 267 people (87.6%) compared to Social Sciences with only 38 people (12.4%).
Parents' occupations were mostly private employees (219 people, 71.7%) followed by civil servants (60 people, 19.9%). Academic performance is the total value of knowledge and skills of students from 16 subjects in school with a total mean value of 2,589.92. The subjects started to go online on the internet since the age of 11.4 years (73.7%) and the average online time of 8.86 hours in a day (35.4%) and the least with more than 20 hours/day (2%). The source of money used for online mostly was from parents (99.3%) with 303 people (Table 1). Starting online age on average at the age of 11.47 years, mostly started at early adolescence at the age of 11-15 years as many as 226 people (73.7%) people, followed by age 5-10 (26%) and at 15 years or more (0.3%).
The mean online duration per day was 8.82 hours, where adolescent mostly spent 6-10 hours (35.5%), followed by 1-5 hours (31.1%), 11-15 hours (23%), 16-20 hours (8.5%), and more than 20 hours (2%). A good family function was found in 201 subjects (65.9%), and poor family function was found in 104 samples (34.1%). ). This means that the higher the family function score (worse family function) then, the higher the internet addiction score (more internet addiction) and vice versa, the lower the family function score (better family function) then, the lower the internet addiction score (less internet addiction).  Adolescents continue to grow, and they want autonomy and freedom.
The age of adolescence is a phase of searching for identity.1 Research on parenting style indicates that a democratic parenting style in family function, where parents set clear rules and expectations and then discuss it with their children, make children happy, reliable, able to deal well with stress and achievement-oriented.7 Researchers consider family function, especially more communication from parents to children can prevent internet addiction and improve academic performance.1 It needs more research in the field of the internet, especially using the cohort method for quantitative and qualitative improvement. It is inevitable that the majority of internet users have behavior problems.6

Conclusion
The prevalence of internet addiction in adolescents in high school students was 76.4%, which is a considerable large amount. Good family function lowers the internet addiction and improves academic performance in adolescents in order to improve the quality of the nation's youth.